Am I Pretending to be Poor?

A few days ago I had the uncomfortable experience of traveling back and forth between what felt like two entirely different worlds. During the day, I found myself in the middle of an impromptu and chaotic voter ID registration blitz at a local school, helping to fill out forms for people who can’t read or write and who—in the absence of any birth certificate or school records—may be applying for a document which will legally prove their existence for the first time in their lives. It was noisy, crowded, and disorganized as people scrambled around to get their applications in order, struggling with an inane paper system that could have been easily streamlined with a basic computer, and receiving little information from the disdainful government officials responsible.Then in the evening, I headed over to the upscale shopping district of the city to meet for coffee with another expat. When I spend time with other expats, they often tell me about the places they’ve found to buy imported brands, peanut butter, organic products, and even bacon, of all things. I can’t even remember the last time I ate pork; we gave it up after we decided to move into a Muslim neighborhood (for the sake of relationship rather than for the sake of any kind of ritual purity). But it’s not like I don’t enjoy peanut butter or organic food! If I were still living in the West I would be highly interested in figuring out where to buy organic produce, or stylish shoes, for example. But here, the thought never even crosses my mind. When none of my neighbors can afford to buy anything besides the conventionally-grown vegetables at the local market, when those same fresh veggies are available just walking distance from my house, and when we cook every meal from scratch, how could I possibly afford to travel to another part of the city to buy my food at an expensive, indoor shop where it would cost ten times what it does on the side of the road? And where would I wear jeans or any other article of clothing besides my loose-fitting salwar kameez suits when I have joined a community in which women scarcely leave the house without their heads covered? In this context, jeans would read as a socio-political statement, or maybe worse, as a cry for inappropriate attention. Many foreigners are doing important and compassionate work here in India, and they aren’t living extravagantly; by the standards of their home country, all of these things they buy are extremely cheap and reasonable. Many of them work alongside highly educated, wealthy Indians to whom Western clothing and customs are entirely acceptable. But for me it’s different. That kind of lifestyle would be far out of reach for all of my friends, and it would separate me from them.

After coffee, my husband and I wandered around, enjoying the spacious sidewalks and temperate weather. We passed by huge, glass storefronts with mannequins behind them sporting either Western-style designer ensembles or luxurious saris worth hundreds of dollars, never mind rupees. We walked past the flashy mall which a neighbor had once described to us after a family window-shopping outing as a wonderful place “where it’s cool in the summer and warm in the winter,” and where they had been fascinated by the “moving staircases” but were too terrified to ride them from one floor to another.

The people who milled around us now were likely unimpressed by the escalators inside: they all wore Western clothing, carried smart phones, and drove cars and fancy motorbikes. Probably they were more drawn to the Western labels and fashions which have become status markers in Indian society, helping people to project a cosmopolitan and cultured image. From inside the mall, brightly-lit signs for KFC and Dominoes Pizza welcomed patrons into upscale restaurants which certainly would not be associated with those same signs in the small towns that I remember as pit-stops on the long American road trips of my youth.

In a way, all of this felt familiar—hadn’t I also worn Western clothes, carried an iphone, driven a car, and gone out with friends in my previous life? All of those things had been so normal in America, but here they were alien experiences. I have never shopped at a mall in India. I have lived in this city for a year and a half without ever seeing most of the coffee shops, stores, bars, and restaurants where wealthy, educated Indians in my city hang out. Instead I have been to village weddings and Muslim saints’ graves, outdoor markets and public hospitals, train stations and slums.

It’s ironic, because actually I would rather go out for gelato on a special occasion than spend hours making buffalo biryani at home to celebrate something important. And I don’t particularly enjoy Indian weddings or visiting saints’ graves as a leisure activity, but I accompany my friends to these kinds of places because it’s what they do for fun, on the fairly rare occasions that they go anywhere at all. I’m not Indian, I’m not a Muslim, I’m not from the village, and I come from a wealthy, educated background, so it’s strange when I run into another expat or an Indian coworker at an NGO. They’re wearing Western clothes and talking about the city’s nightlife and checking facebook. They’re puzzled by my bangles and Indian dress, and my apparent ignorance about the city’s restaurants and bars; it’s hard to answer the unspoken questions about why I don’t do all of the “normal” things that they already associate with my culture. Why am I emulating people who are lower-class and “backward”? No one aspires to move into a slum, any more than someone would aspire to move into the projects, or into a trailer park, if they had another option. Am I just putting on some kind of act, pretending to be poor?

It’s a question worth asking, in order to make sure I’m not losing or hiding myself in the midst of all this radical “adjustment” across culture, religion, and socioeconomic class. But I really believe the answer to that question is, No, I’m not pretending to be someone I’m not. I’ve just chosen to make a lot of choices in my life based on a desire to relate to people who are different from me and to meet them on their own turf. That means that the superficial aspects of my life—food, clothing, social habits, etc.–often reflect the culture to which I am adapting rather than my own preferences or sensibilities. It means that what was foreign becomes familiar and what was familiar becomes foreign. But my hope is that the essential core of who I am and what I’m about will remain unchanged; merely translated into a new language, or converted into a new medium.

I know that my choices are strange, but my old life just doesn’t seem normal either, anymore. In America, jeans and English and a high school education don’t make you privileged, but here they do. In India, Western habits and food and clothing are all luxury commodities in themselves; the English language is a status symbol. I feel uncomfortable in the wealthy areas of the city because when I go there, the poor—the people I have lived among for the past two years—are still part of the scene, but as rickshaw pullers, children selling balloons on the side of the road, beggars entreating passing shoppers for change. I have begun learning to see things from their perspective, so it feels strange and wrong when I go to these places and feel that I’m being grouped in again with the wealthy shoppers, unaware and uninvolved, instead of with the poor on the sidelines.

Perhaps the main reason these situations feel uncomfortable for me is that they actually force a sort of crisis of identity: where do I fit, after all? Me, the foreigner with access to nearly limitless resources and opportunity, who owns a laptop and an ipod and a facebook account, but who lives without AC, speaks Hindi, and spends more of her time with illiterate village migrants in a slum than with people of her own race, religion, nationality, or socioeconomic background?

An outsider on the inside, an insider on the outside.

New to India, and yet more acquainted with its harsh realities than most of the middle- and upper-class Indians who have spent their whole lives here.

Integrated into the slum, and yet a total stranger to the worldview that orders my neighbors’ universe.

Sharing in my neighbors’ experiences, and yet completely unversed in the tragedy, suffering, and desperation that has shaped so much of their lives.

I’m still trying to find my place in this society. So my life feels strange to myself, when I bump into my old life unexpectedly in an expat or a wealthy Indian. Yet again, I find that life here forces me to learn more about myself than about anyone or anything else.

Source: New feed

Blessed are those who mourn

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An oil pastel reflection on Rachel’s lament (Matt. 2:13-18), inspired by recent events in our neighborhood.
          Last month there was a very sad day in our community when two children—a one-month old baby and a two-and-a-half year old boy—died suddenly of fever and diarrhea within hours of each other.

On this particular day, I sat under two white funeral tents, one after the other, staring at two tiny, motionless bodies with perfect, chubby baby faces that looked as though they might only be sleeping. I sat with the grieving mothers and siblings and aunts and grandmothers and felt their sadness seep into me. My husband went with the men twice to the graveyard, helping to carry the bodies which felt much too light, watching over them while the other men went into the mosque to pray namaz on the way to the cemetery, and helping to bury them as each of the men poured one or two handfuls of dirt into the grave. No one will ever know what these children actually died from. Were their mothers anemic during pregnancy? Maybe, but nearly three quarters of poor women in India are. Was it dengue, or some other mosquito-borne illness? It could be—others are dying of that this time of year. Maybe it was as banal as dehydration. But it’s unlikely that their births were ever officially registered, so their deaths won’t even contribute to statistics of child mortality, and there certainly won’t be any information on how to prevent future deaths, if these deaths were indeed preventable. Both mothers have lost children before, in what could only have been similarly baffling circumstances. I used to be confused by my neighbors’ apparent paranoia with taking their kids to the doctor for every little cold and cough, but now I understand—with every illness, no matter how minor, memories of other children remind parents that this could be the fever or the cold or the cough that suddenly ends their child’s life, for reasons that they don’t understand. I have spoken before about poverty of relationship, but poverty is also about lack of information, lack of control…

In this culture, a bed will be carried outside of the house into the alleyway, and the body of the person who has died will be laid on it. Then someone will set up a white tent over the area (for white, rather than black, is the color of death in Asia). The viewing goes on all day, and there is a custom of women sitting together, gathered around the body for hours and hours, not really saying anything to console them but just bearing witness to the grief of the person’s family, crying with them, and being together. Then the men carry the body to the graveyard for burial. When they come to wrap the body and take it away, a wail goes up from the crowd of women and the mourning reaches an inconsolable crescendo. This is the moment of final separation from faces never to be seen again. Sometimes people don’t even own photos of their children.

At first, I was uncomfortable with these rituals that center around crowds and noise when my culture treats grief with such distance and silence. This was not the reverent hush of a funeral home, or the solitary contemplation of a graveside service. Funerals here are crowded, and between all the stories being passed from one person to another about the circumstances surrounding the death, all of the ruckus of the babies on hips and children running around underfoot, and all the vocal lament of those closest to the deceased, funerals here are loud.  But I am coming to understand the value of this type of mourning process. My neighbors are well acquainted with grief, but that doesn’t dull the pain. Sitting together, each is able to enter into the sorrow of the other through the door of her own experiences with loss. No one tries to hide their sadness. Emotional demonstration is accepted and encouraged. There is power in that kind of solidarity where one is sure that all of the people around her truly understand what she is going through and that she is free to express it, because their pain resonates with hers.

I keep thinking of Jesus’ words: “Blessed are those who mourn” (“for they shall be comforted”), and I wonder: what did he mean? Perhaps those who mourn are also connected with God’s heart in an intimate way because God also mourns—She knows what it’s like to lose a son. God knows the grief of watching powerlessly every day as precious children die of preventable disease, violence, and poverty. Perhaps Jesus is also alluding to the coming of his Kingdom in which thing will be set right, people and families and societies will be restored, and life to the fullest will be the rule instead of the exception. But I think part of Jesus’ meaning must have been for right now. Maybe it’s that we can’t receive comfort until we’re willing to face our loss, share our pain with others, and actually go through a process of mourning—no stiff upper lip, no denial or repression. Mourning invites people to come and comfort. It invites community. If this is the case, then I am realizing how often I have missed out on the blessing that is meant to come in the midst of pain.

Blurring the Lines (guest post for D.L. Mayfield)

D.L. is a kindred spirit who is living incarnationally among the poor in the American Midwest. I “met” her a few months ago through her writings online, and her blog continues to be a source of insight, inspiration, challenge, and commiseration for me as she wrestles through the tough questions that come with a messy life of following Jesus into the margins of society and the lives of people who do not share our cultural, religious, or economic background. I have come to appreciate her willingness to be honest and vulnerable about the journey, and I was honored when she asked me to contribute a guest post to her series on downward mobility.

Head over to D.L. Mayfield’s blog to read my post!

Eyes to see

          A few days away in the mountains was the perfect retreat after a busy month of hosting visitors. The first day when we arrived at the remote ashram in the forest, we were overwhelmed by the natural beauty around us. When the silence wasn’t making our ears ache, the gentle music of birds and insects in the trees was reminding us of life’s original soundtrack—one that we had nearly forgotten amidst the mechanical roar of city life. We sat through a rainstorm marveling at the genius of evaporation and clouds condensing and water falling out of the sky to water acres or square miles of plants at a time. I literally started crying thinking about the goodness of God while we watched the water falling in sheets over the unspoiled wilderness and the emerald lakes in the valleys below. At nighttime, we remembered how many stars are in the sky, because for the first time in months they weren’t obscured by city lights.
          Sometimes it’s easier to feel that God is present in all of Her gentleness and goodness when I’m surrounded by the beauty that She created. God is still present in the city and in the slum, of course, but remarkably it is often more of a challenge to recognize God among the human beings in which She resides than it is to recognize Her in the breathtaking vistas of the mountains, or the beach, or pretty much anywhere else where human civilization hasn’t crowded in. They belong together, of course, nature and human civilization, but they rarely coexist well… the trash-clogged, black, sludgy waterways, the polluted air, the dismal lack of color in many of the big cities I’ve visited around the world comes to mind.  Feeling the peace of the mountains, it occurred to me that our alienation from nature in the city is no small thing.          Back in my room in the slum, listening to the whir of the fan and the distant horns of traffic and the wail of a toddler in the alley downstairs, I realize that living where I do is a kind of fast—from external silence (though we can’t really live without finding a silent space within ourselves), from stars. I almost think, it’s a fast from beauty, too—but I have to stop myself there. Because there is beauty in the slums, and God’s goodness is still there to be seen. It’s more of a challenge to recognize it, though, because it is hidden amongst the ugliness of poverty, and violence; amid broken systems and relationships that leave trash lying everywhere, leave poor patients at the hospital lying in their own blood for hours before any doctor or nurse pays attention, leave children crying alone in the street with no one to comfort them. There’s a reason that Mother Teresa calls poverty Jesus’ most distressing disguise: in that filth, noise, and desperation, it’s possible for us to miss recognizing him altogether.

But God’s goodness is there in the generosity of our landlady, bringing us some of the hot meal she’s just prepared for her family because she wants us to share the experience of a traditional food we’ve never eaten before. I see Joy in the smiles of our youngest neighbors; I see Mercy in the love and concern that young mothers demonstrate in responding to the feeble cries of their helpless newborn babies who rely on them for everything. And I experience Grace when God carries me through days of anger, stress, exhaustion, or sadness through the support of my husband and my friends. Sometimes it takes a different kind of eye to recognize God With Us in the places where human brokenness has taken its toll, but when we find God there, we have found Her in the place She most desires to dwell with us.

          I want eyes to see that beauty. I want the will to create more of it; to bring it to greater fullness. I want to uproot the weeds of injustice and fear that are obscure that greater Reality in the same way that streetlights obscure the stars that are still there in the sky. When I think of God’s beauty in that way, then planting a garden, cleaning up trash, sharing a meal, or working to reconcile people to one another all seem like part of the same thing.

The generosity of the poor: friendship at the margins

          We’ve now spent just over a week in our new community, but it feels like we have been there much longer.  For the first few days, we had a constant stream of children and adults visiting our room, giving us suggestions on how to set things up, watching to see how we would make food, and asking us how much we paid for each thing we brought home from the market (we usually paid too much, and they were sure to let us know!).  One day, to make sure we got a fair price, our landlady took us to the market to bargain for our wooden bed platform.  She drives a pretty hard bargain.  After we bought it, the bed was loaded on top of a cycle rickshaw, we sat on top of it with our landlady’s 10-year-old daughter, and the three of us rode down the main road all the way back to our community, like a slow-moving parade float in the midst of car, bus, and motorcycle traffic whizzing past us!  Slowly, we’re learning how much we should bargain things down in the market, how to knead dough for chapatti with the perfect ratio of water to flour, which spices to crush together for a meat dish.

We’re also getting to know the people who live around us, their families, and their stories.  Many of those stories involve loss, because sisters or daughters have died in childbirth, parents have died in the prime of life from disease, and family members have been injured in accidents or suffer from chronic health problems.  We are amazed by people’s resiliency as they deal with so much tragedy and death, and by the strength of the families here and their ability to care for the orphans, the elderly, and the otherwise vulnerable people among their relatives.  It’s not uncommon to see a single son supporting his mother and sisters, saving up his earnings to pay for their dowries one at a time, or a single mother taking a job as hired help in a rich family’s home to be able to keep sending her children to school.          Andy has spent a lot of time wandering around with the guys in our neighborhood, drinking chai and visiting their workplaces—most of which are recycling-collection stands or workshops where they make beautiful wooden furniture by hand.  I’ve spent a lot of time visiting women, many of whom are literally hidden away from the outside world because cultural tradition, a conservative mother-in-law, and/or fear of sexual harassment (a threat which has some basis in reality but which is also trumped up and used as a means of control) keep them from ever leaving the house.  We’ve both spent time visiting the families who live in crowded plastic and bamboo tents on the alley behind us, several feet lower and closer to the black river which surely expands during monsoon.  As we fill our water drum from the leaky hose in the morning, we watch women and children from that alleyway haul water back and forth by hand in small containers because there’s no morning hose service to their homes, and they’re too close to the sewage canal to dig a well.  And when we head over to our landlady’s back courtyard to use the toilet, we look over a low wall into that same alleyway where we know that there are no toilets at all.

There’s a custom in Indian culture that when guests are invited over for dinner, they eat first while the hosts watch.  The hosts actually don’t eat until after their guests leave.  When we first came to India, we found this an awkward and obnoxious arrangement, but the longer we’re here the more we come to appreciate it.  In our community, a dinner invitation from a poor family is a big gift to begin with.  Offering the guests food first—after you’ve already spent hours preparing it and are feeling hungry yourself—is sacrificial.  You’re making sure that the guests eat until they are full, even if it means that there may not be enough left for you and you may go hungry, and even though you’ve just spent a large percentage of your income on that meal.  In the past week and a half, we’ve already received this sacrificial gift many times over.  We still don’t feel comfortable being given food first, but it has challenged us to give to others more sacrificially than we are used to doing.

The more we learn, the more we realize there is to learn, and we feel honored to be welcomed into our neighbors’ world.  We feel humbled by how much more our neighbors have been able to offer us and to teach us in the past week and a half than we have been able to offer or to teach them.  Coming as outsiders with nothing, as yet, to contribute, we have no claim on their generosity and friendship, much less their patience with our own ignorance and unintended faux paux.  But if grace is undeserved favor, then our Muslim and Hindu neighbors are mediating our Father’s grace to us in abundance, and teaching us a lot about Him in the process.